Most automotive engines need carefully measured amounts of air and fuel to run optimally. Anything responsible for the movement, measurement or filtering of air could cause the issue. In a fuel-injected engine (which you almost certainly have), a host of sensors perform these measurements, and an assembly of hoses and boxes filter and move the air from the outside of the car into your engine. If anything is off, the mixture can be thrown off, allowing too much fuel to be burned and creating black smoke